![]() Due to this, the diac fires, forcing the triac to conduct and switch ON the lamp. In an alternating voltage which is applied to the circuit, as the initial half cycle crosses the zero mark and proceeds towards the peak value, at a certain point capacitor C1 is allowed to become fully charged. With the help of the given circuit schematic and the following points, let’s try to understand how specifically the circuit of a dimmer switch functions. It supplies the required gate voltage to the triac, provided the voltage across it has reached its minimum firing voltage level (approximately around 30 Volts). A diac D1, which is also an active electronic component, is connected to the gate of Tr1 and is commonly used as a complementary device to a triac. Note that this is true only for alternating voltages. A lapse in its gate voltage will mean a consequent break in the voltage from its anode to cathode. A triac will fire only when it receives a gate voltage and will continue to conduct (voltage from its anode to cathode) as long as the gate voltage persists. A triac is an active electronic component consisting of three terminals: the anode, the cathode, and the gate. ![]() Referring to the figure, triac Tr1 forms the heart of the circuit. ![]() We know that electronic dimmer switches normally work on a principle called phase chopping or phase control that is done through a fast electronic switch triac. In one my previous articles we discussed the general principle of operation of electronic dimmer switches. Here we will learn how simple it is to build a dimmer switch for incandescent lights, but first let’s try to understand how a dimmer switch actually functions. Though a dimmer switch is mostly operated in conjunction with a ceiling fan, it may also be effectively used to control or vary the light intensity of an incandescent light bulb. Thus, every house or an office which has a fan ought to have a dimmer switch wired with it. In simple words a dimmer switch may be described as a device that can be used to control the speed of an AC operated fan or an incandescent lamp.
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